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Three Easy Ways to Estimate Your Need- How Much Coverage Do I need?
There’s no way to know the exact dollar amount your loved ones would need if you were to pass away.
But there are three easy ways to get an estimate of what that amount would be. (Keep in mind that experts recommend erring on the side of caution and buying a little more life insurance than you think you may need.)
Calculation 1:
One of the simplest ways to get a rough idea of how much life insurance to buy is to multiply your gross (a.k.a. before tax) income by 10 to 15. Then Add in all of your Debt. Another popular formula recommends adding $100,000 to that amount for each child’s college education expenses.
Calculation 2:
Another way to get a ballpark figure of how much life insurance to buy is to calculate the following:
Calculation 3:
Talk to Karstens Wealth and our Financial Planning app called Elements, there is a calculator built in Click Here
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Term life is simple. Think of it like your Netflix subscription. You buy a certain amount of coverage for a set period of time. (Your Term) and pay the insurance company a flat amount every month. It does not guaranteed you a certain amount of movies but it will guarantee that your beneficiaries would received a lump-sum payout (called a death benefit) if you pass away during your Term.
Your beneficiaries get a lump sum payment that they can use for a number of things. Most people use these to help cover:
How much does term life insurance cost?
Term life insurance cost vary depending on your individual situation. Some of the largest factors that effect cost are:
What does it cost for someone in good health?
For a 30 year old male :
For a 40 year old male:
For a 50 year old male:
Whole or Ordinary Life
This is the most common type of permanent insurance policy. It offers a death benefit along with a savings account. If you pick this type of life insurance policy, you are agreeing to pay a certain amount in premiums on a regular basis for a specific death benefit. The savings element would grow based on dividends the company pays to you.
Universal Life
This type of policy offers you more flexibility than whole life insurance. You may be able to increase the death benefit, if you pass a medical examination. The savings vehicle (called a cash value account) generally earns a money market rate of interest. After money has accumulated in your account, you will also have the option of altering your premium payments – providing there is enough money in your account to cover the costs. This can be a useful feature if your economic situation has suddenly changed.
However, you would need to keep in mind that if you stop or reduce your premiums and the saving accumulation gets used up, the policy might lapse and your life insurance coverage will end. You should check with your agent before deciding not to make premium payments for extended periods because you might not have enough cash value to pay the monthly charges to prevent a policy lapse.
Variable Life
This policy combines death protection with a savings account that you can invest in stocks, bonds and money market mutual funds. The value of your policy may grow more quickly, but you also have more risk. If your investments do not perform well, your cash value and death benefit may decrease. Some policies, however, guarantee that your death benefit will not fall below a minimum level.
IUL- Index Universal Life- Best of Both Worlds **
What is an IUL?
An IUL is a type of permanent life insurance that:
Provides a death benefit
Builds cash value
Credits interest based on a market index (like the S&P 500)
Does NOT invest directly in the market
Think of it as life insurance + a tax-advantaged accumulation tool with guardrails.
Core Benefits of an IUL
1. Tax Free
Death benefit generally passes to beneficiaries income-tax free
Can be used for:
Family income replacement
Estate liquidity
Business succession
Buy-sell funding
2. Downside Protection (No Market Losses)
0% floor in most policies
If the index is negative → you don’t lose money
This is the biggest differentiator vs:
401(k)s
Brokerage accounts
Variable life
📌 You trade unlimited upside for protection.
3. Market- Linked Upside (Without Market Risk)
Cash value growth tied to an index
Subject to:
Caps (ex: 8–12%)
Participation rates
You benefit from positive years, avoid negative years
4. Tax- Advantaged Cash Value Growth
Cash value grows tax-deferred
Access via policy loans, not withdrawals
Properly structured:
No income tax
No capital gains tax
No IRS reporting
This is why high-income earners like IULs.
5. Tax- Free Retirement Income (If Designed correctly)
Use policy loans in retirement
Can supplement:
Social Security
401(k)
IRA
Helps reduce taxable income later
This is tax diversification, not replacement of qualified plans.
6. Flexible Premiums
Unlike whole life:
You’re not locked into one fixed payment
Can:
Front-load premiums
Reduce or skip payments (within limits)
Useful for:
Business owners
Commission-based income
Irregular cash flow
7. Living Benefit Riders (Critical/Chronic/Terminal/Long Term Care)
Many IULs include or offer riders for:
Chronic illness
Critical illness
Terminal illness
Allows access to death benefit while alive.
8. No Contribution Limits (Unlike Qualified Plans)
Not capped like 401(k) or IRA
Limited only by:
IRS MEC rules
Insurability
This makes IULs attractive for high earners already maxing out other plans.
9. Estate Planning Advantages
Can be used to:
Offset estate taxes
Create liquidity for heirs
Equalize inheritance
Often paired with trusts (ILITs)
Who is an IUL for?
✔ High-income earners
✔ Business owners
✔ People maxing out retirement plans
✔ Families needing permanent protection
✔ Clients wanting tax-free income later
✔ Risk-averse investors
Who is it not for?
✖ Short-term savings
✖ Someone who can’t fund consistently
✖ People chasing maximum market returns
✖ Clients who don’t need permanent insurance
The Big Caveat (Be Honest) An IUL is NOT:
A stock market investment
A magic retirement account
“Free money”
Performance depends on:
Carrier
Product design
Funding strategy
Loan structure
Time horizon
Poorly designed IULs fail.
Properly structured IULs work extremely well.
Top Reason People Buy Permanent Life Insurance
Why would someone need coverage for an extended period of time? Because contrary to what a lot of people think, the need for life insurance often persists long after the kids have graduated college or the mortgage has been paid off. If you died the day after your youngest child graduated from college, your spouse would still be faced with daily living expenses. And what if your spouse outlives you by 10, 20 or even 30 years, which is certainly possible today. Would your financial plan, without life insurance, enable your spouse to maintain the lifestyle you worked so hard to achieve? And would you be able to pass on something to your children or grandchildren?
Cash Value a Key Feature
Another key characteristic of permanent insurance is a feature known as cash value or cash-surrender value. In fact, permanent insurance is often referred to as cash-value insurance because these types of policies can build cash value over time, as well as provide a death benefit to your beneficiaries.
Cash values, which accumulate on a tax-deferred basis just like assets in most retirement and tuition savings plans, can be used in the future for any purpose you wish. If you like, you can borrow cash value for a down payment on a home, to help pay for your children’s education or to provide income for your retirement.
When you borrow money from a permanent insurance policy, you’re using the policy’s cash value as collateral and the borrowing rates tend to be relatively low. And unlike loans from most financial institutions, the loan is not dependent on credit checks or other restrictions. You ultimately must repay any loan with interest or your beneficiaries will receive a reduced death benefit and cash-surrender value.
If you need or want to stop paying premiums, you can use the cash value to continue your current insurance protection for a specified time or to provide a lesser amount of death benefit protection covering you for your lifetime. If you decide to stop paying premiums and surrender your policy, the guaranteed policy values are yours. Just know that if you surrender your policy in the early years, there may be little or no cash value.
Cash Value vs. Face Amount
With all types of permanent policies, the cash value of a policy is different from the policy’s face amount. The face amount is the money that will be paid at death or policy maturity (most permanent policies typically “mature” around age 100). Cash value is the amount available if you surrender a policy before its maturity or your death.
Moreover, the cash value may be affected by your insurance company’s financial results or experience, which can be influenced by mortality rates, expenses, and investment earnings.
“Permanent insurance” is really a catchall phrase for a wide variety of life insurance products that contain the cash-value feature. Within this class of life insurance, there are a multitude of different products. Here we list the most common ones.
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